Tomorrow morning, Sir Michael Wood, former Foreign and Commonwealth Office Legal Adviser, gives evidence to the Chilcott Inquiry. To my mind, this is the most important evidence to be given so far. Michael's then deputy, Elizabeth Wilmshurst, who resigned over the war of aggression, will give evidence in the afternoon, I believe speaking in public for the first time since her resignation.
The Legal Adviser at the Foreign Office is a very grand person indeed. You should understand it is a full time position. The FCO has a big department, named Legal Advisers. It is staffed by the cream of public international lawyers. There are assistant and deputy legal advisers,serving in the FCO in London and sometimes being posted to large Embassies abroad. Then there is THE Legal Adviser, who is a very grand personage indeed, with a palatial office overlooking St James' Park.
I have no doubt at all that both Wood and Wilmshurst will rebuke Starw's appalling lie that UNSCR 1441 was considered sufficient to justify an invasion, at the time that it was adopted. Wilmshurst's resignation letter made it perfectly plain that was not true.
http://www.indymedia.org.uk/en/regions/sheffield/2010/01/445114.html
But the question is, whether the Committee will manage to hide that truth by leading the lawyers away from it in their questioning. I have previously described their method as obscuring all the key points in a comfortable fog of chuminess. Expect every possible use of the lateral tangent, the chairman's intervention and the friendly assumption.
I am very sorry that until now Sir Michael Wood has perhaps been best known to a wider public as the man that the FCO wheeled in to tell me that it was perfectly legal to obtain intelligence from torture, as long as somebody else did the torture.
http://www.craigmurray.org.uk/documents/Wood.pdf
As I explain in Murder in Samarkand I was shocked by this because I knew Michael and he is a nice man. Even though he made a point in the meeting of indicating moral disapproval of a policy of using torture, it seems to me there should be a limit to which a lawyer is prepared to advise what the government can get away with.
I am hoping that Michael will redeem himself in the eyes of decent people tomorrow, and I believe that he will.
One of the most important structural questions that the Chilcott Inquiry must ask, is this:
Why does the Attorney General have the power to overrule the Legal Adviser on a point of international law?
The answer is not that the Attorney General has a democratic mandate. Nobody has ever voted for Lord Goldsmith. His only qualification was that he was a buddy of Tony and Cherie Blair.
Here is a select list of some of Sir Michael Wood's internationally accepted publications on international law:
"The Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of Crimes against Internationally Protected Persons, including Diplomatic Agents", 23 International and Comparative Law Quarterly (1974)
"The European Convention on the Suppression of Terrorism", 1 Yearbook of European Law (1981)
"The Legal Status of Berlin" (1987, with I. D. Hendry)
"Participation of Former Yugoslav States in the United Nations and in Multilateral Treaties", 1 Max Planck Yearbook of United Nations Law (1997)
"The Interpretation of Security Council Resolutions", 2 Max Planck Yearbook of United Nations Law (1998)
"International Seabed Authority: the First Four Years", 3 Max Planck Yearbook of United Nations Law (1999)
"Northern and Western European Maritime Boundaries", in: Colson/Smith, International Maritime Boundaries, Vol. V (2005)
"Towards New Circumstances in which the Use of Force may be Authorized? The Cases of Humanitarian Intervention, Counter-terrorism, and Weapons of Mass Destruction", in: The Security Council and the Use of Force: Theory and Reality - A Need for Change? (eds. N. Blokker/N. Schrijver, 2005)
"The United Kingdom's Acceptance of the Compulsory Jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice", in: Festskrift til Carl August Fleischer (eds. O Fauchald/H Jakhelln/A Syse, 2006)
"Nécessité et légitime défense dans la lutte contre le terrorisme: quelle est la pertinence de l'affaire de la Caroline aujourd'hui?", in: La nécessité en droit international Société française pour le droit international, Colloque de Grenoble, 2006
"The International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea and General International Law", 22 International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law (2007)
"The Selection of Candidates for International Judicial Office: Recent Practice", in: Law of the Sea, Environmental Law and Settlement of Disputes: Liber Amicorum Judge Thomas A. Mensah (eds. T M Ndiaye/R Wolfrum, 2007)
Three lectures on "The UN Security Council and International Law" (2006), available on the website of the Lauterpacht Centre for Intenrational Law, University of Cambridge. An expanded version of these lectures will be published in due course by Cambridge University Press as a book within the Hersch Lauterpacht Memorial Lectures series
"The Law on the Use of Force: Current Challenges", 11 Singapore Yearbook of International Law (2007)
"The Security Council and International Criminal Law", 5 Romanian Journal of International Law/Revista Română de Drept Internaţional (2007)
"The International Seabed Authority: Fifth to Twelfth Sessions (1999-2006)", 11 Max Planck Yearbook of United Nations Law (2007)
"The General Assembly and the International Law Commission: What Happens to the Commission's Work and Why?", in: I Buffard, J Crawford, A Pellet, S Wittich (eds.), International Law Between Universalism and Fragmentation. Festschrift in Honour of Gerhard Hafner (2008)
"The Principle of Non-Intervention" (with Maziar Jamnejad), 29 Leiden Journal of International Law (2009)
"Detention during International Military Operations: Article 103 of the Charter and the Al-Jedda case", 47 Revue de Droit Militaire et de Droit de la Guerre/The Military Law and the Law of War Review (2009)
Entries in R Wolfrum (ed.), Max Planck "Encyclopedia of Public International Law" (online edition 2008), including:
Committee of Legal Advisers on Public International Law (CAHDI) International Courts and Tribunals, Discontinuance of Cases Final Act International Seabed Authority Legal Advisers Macedonia Peace, Breach of State Practice Teachings of the Most Highly Qualified Publicists United Nations Administrative Tribunal, Applications for Review (Advisory Opinions) United Nations Charter, Enemy State Clauses United Nations Security Council Use of Force, Prohibition of Threat
Here is the complete list of all of Lord Goldsmith's internationally accepted publications on international law
NOTHING
Which is why the Legal Adviser is paid more than the Attorney General.
So the government spends a very great deal of public money on employing a whole cadre of the best public international lawyers in the world, but takes its legal advice on matters of war and peace from a shifty barrister mate of Tony Blair.
The decision whether to go to war is a political question. But the legal advice should come from the most qualified source, not the source most likely to agree with the Prime Minister.
Even that commonsense observation is going to be much too radical for the stuffed Establishment shirts of the Chilcott Committee.
I have no doubt at all that both Wood and Wilmshurst will rebuke Starw's appalling lie that UNSCR 1441 was considered sufficient to justify an invasion, at the time that it was adopted. Wilmshurst's resignation letter made it perfectly plain that was not true.
http://www.indymedia.org.uk/en/regions/sheffield/2010/01/445114.html But the question is, whether the Committee will manage to hide that truth by leading the lawyers away from it in their questioning. I have previously described their method as obscuring all the key points in a comfortable fog of chuminess. Expect every possible use of the lateral tangent, the chairman's intervention and the friendly assumption.
I am very sorry that until now Sir Michael Wood has perhaps been best known to a wider public as the man that the FCO wheeled in to tell me that it was perfectly legal to obtain intelligence from torture, as long as somebody else did the torture.
http://www.craigmurray.org.uk/documents/Wood.pdf As I explain in Murder in Samarkand I was shocked by this because I knew Michael and he is a nice man. Even though he made a point in the meeting of indicating moral disapproval of a policy of using torture, it seems to me there should be a limit to which a lawyer is prepared to advise what the government can get away with.
I am hoping that Michael will redeem himself in the eyes of decent people tomorrow, and I believe that he will.
One of the most important structural questions that the Chilcott Inquiry must ask, is this:
Why does the Attorney General have the power to overrule the Legal Adviser on a point of international law?
The answer is not that the Attorney General has a democratic mandate. Nobody has ever voted for Lord Goldsmith. His only qualification was that he was a buddy of Tony and Cherie Blair.
Here is a select list of some of Sir Michael Wood's internationally accepted publications on international law:
"The Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of Crimes against Internationally Protected Persons, including Diplomatic Agents", 23 International and Comparative Law Quarterly (1974)
"The European Convention on the Suppression of Terrorism", 1 Yearbook of European Law (1981)
"The Legal Status of Berlin" (1987, with I. D. Hendry)
"Participation of Former Yugoslav States in the United Nations and in Multilateral Treaties", 1 Max Planck Yearbook of United Nations Law (1997)
"The Interpretation of Security Council Resolutions", 2 Max Planck Yearbook of United Nations Law (1998)
"International Seabed Authority: the First Four Years", 3 Max Planck Yearbook of United Nations Law (1999)
"Northern and Western European Maritime Boundaries", in: Colson/Smith, International Maritime Boundaries, Vol. V (2005)
"Towards New Circumstances in which the Use of Force may be Authorized? The Cases of Humanitarian Intervention, Counter-terrorism, and Weapons of Mass Destruction", in: The Security Council and the Use of Force: Theory and Reality - A Need for Change? (eds. N. Blokker/N. Schrijver, 2005)
"The United Kingdom's Acceptance of the Compulsory Jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice", in: Festskrift til Carl August Fleischer (eds. O Fauchald/H Jakhelln/A Syse, 2006)
"Nécessité et légitime défense dans la lutte contre le terrorisme: quelle est la pertinence de l'affaire de la Caroline aujourd'hui?", in: La nécessité en droit international Société française pour le droit international, Colloque de Grenoble, 2006
"The International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea and General International Law", 22 International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law (2007)
"The Selection of Candidates for International Judicial Office: Recent Practice", in: Law of the Sea, Environmental Law and Settlement of Disputes: Liber Amicorum Judge Thomas A. Mensah (eds. T M Ndiaye/R Wolfrum, 2007)
Three lectures on "The UN Security Council and International Law" (2006), available on the website of the Lauterpacht Centre for Intenrational Law, University of Cambridge. An expanded version of these lectures will be published in due course by Cambridge University Press as a book within the Hersch Lauterpacht Memorial Lectures series
"The Law on the Use of Force: Current Challenges", 11 Singapore Yearbook of International Law (2007)
"The Security Council and International Criminal Law", 5 Romanian Journal of International Law/Revista Română de Drept Internaţional (2007)
"The International Seabed Authority: Fifth to Twelfth Sessions (1999-2006)", 11 Max Planck Yearbook of United Nations Law (2007)
"The General Assembly and the International Law Commission: What Happens to the Commission's Work and Why?", in: I Buffard, J Crawford, A Pellet, S Wittich (eds.), International Law Between Universalism and Fragmentation. Festschrift in Honour of Gerhard Hafner (2008)
"The Principle of Non-Intervention" (with Maziar Jamnejad), 29 Leiden Journal of International Law (2009)
"Detention during International Military Operations: Article 103 of the Charter and the Al-Jedda case", 47 Revue de Droit Militaire et de Droit de la Guerre/The Military Law and the Law of War Review (2009)
Entries in R Wolfrum (ed.), Max Planck "Encyclopedia of Public International Law" (online edition 2008), including:
Committee of Legal Advisers on Public International Law (CAHDI) International Courts and Tribunals, Discontinuance of Cases Final Act International Seabed Authority Legal Advisers Macedonia Peace, Breach of State Practice Teachings of the Most Highly Qualified Publicists United Nations Administrative Tribunal, Applications for Review (Advisory Opinions) United Nations Charter, Enemy State Clauses United Nations Security Council Use of Force, Prohibition of Threat
Here is the complete list of all of Lord Goldsmith's internationally accepted publications on international law
NOTHING
Which is why the Legal Adviser is paid more than the Attorney General.
So the government spends a very great deal of public money on employing a whole cadre of the best public international lawyers in the world, but takes its legal advice on matters of war and peace from a shifty barrister mate of Tony Blair.
The decision whether to go to war is a political question. But the legal advice should come from the most qualified source, not the source most likely to agree with the Prime Minister.
Even that commonsense observation is going to be much too radical for the stuffed Establishment shirts of the Chilcott Committee.
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